Firearm



J. c. GARANQ F IREARM Filed Jan. 8, 1942 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 h wk.

J. c. GARAND FIREARM Filed Jan. 8, 1942 8 SheetS-Sheeb 3 J. C. GRAND Gat. Q, i945.

FIREARM lFiled Jan. 8.` 1942 s sheets-Shen 4 777 'Imm/44 3mm/1&0@ Jahn E- Earand J. c. GARAND 2,386,205

FIREARM Filed Jan. 8, 194m' s sheets-sheet e @3M @www nln'hn E Earand Gat, 9, 1945.

J. C. GARAND FIREARM Filed Jan. 8, 1942 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 amena/tofu Jul-LT1 E- Cavan d K MM 3mm/M30@ J. c. GARAND K FIREARM Filed Jan. 8, 1942 35 Claims.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the-Government for governmental purposes, without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.

'This invention relates to a firearm.

An object of this invention is to provide a rearm of light weight and of small size especially adapted for use by mounted and parachute troops. Y

"Another object of this invention is to provide a firearm in which a gas propelled operating rod serves to actuate the bolt and strike the firing 1 pin.

Another object of this invention is to provide s firearm having an improved sear mechanism.

'Another object of this invention is to provide a firearm having a simple safety mechanism which is easily operated.

Another object of this invention is to provide a firearm with an improved means for guiding the bolt.

Another object of thisY invention isV to provide a firearm having an improved means for producing semi-automatic lire.

Another object of this invention is to provide a firearm with an improved means for guidingv and/or lubricating the bolt operating rod.

Another object of this invention is to provide a firearm with an improved means for holding the cartridge magazine.

Another object of this invention is to provide a rearm with an improved expansible gas chamber for actuating the operating rod.

Another object of this invention is to `provide a firearm with an improved means for assemblingan expansiblerchamber in communication with the barrel.

Another object of this invention is to provide a firearm with means for effectively venting the ammunition gases from an expansible gas chamber.

'Another object of this invention is to provide a firearm with an improved bufler.

. weapon or vice versa.

Another object of this invention is to provide a firearm which requires a partial dismantling in order to convert it from a 'semi-automatic nre weapon to an automatic fire weapon or vice versa. Another object of this invention is to provide a. firearm having an improved means for pro ducing automatic fire.

.lohn C. Garanti, Springfield, Mass. Application January 8, 19542, Serial No. 426,036

(Cl. t2-3) (Granma under the act 'er March 3, 1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 757) Anotherobject of this invention is to provide a iirearm with means for converting it from a semi-automatic weapon to an automatic weapon or vice versa and with those means relatively inaccessible to the troops to whom the firearm is issued for use.

The specific nature of the invention as well as other objects and advantages thereof will clearly appear from a description of a preferred embodiment as shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 discloses the arrangement of elements when the gun is in the cocked position. This veiw is taken in section substantially through the center of the gun and also shows the safety.

Fig. 1a is a continuation of the structure shown in Fig. 1 and is intended to be read as though attached to the right hand edge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 discloses the arrangement of elements when .the trigger is pulled and the operating rod is in its most forward position. 'Ihis view is taken in section substantially through the center of the gun and also shows the safety.

Fig. 2a is a continuation of the structure shown in Fig. 2 and is intended to be read as though attached to the right hand edge of Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 discloses the arrangement of elements when the trigger is pulled, the last cartridge is ejected and the operating rod is in its rearmost position at the end of the recoil stroke. 'Ihs view is taken in section substantially through the center oi the gun-and also shows the safety.

Fig. 3a is acontinuation of the structure shown in Fig. 3 and is intended to be read as though attached to the right lhand edge of Fig. 3.

Fig. 4 discloses the arrangement of trigger elements when the safety has been moved to the safety position.

Fig,v 5 is a view in section taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 2. v

Fig. 6 is a view in section taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. '7 is a view in section taken on line 1 1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a view in section taken on line 8 8 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 `is a view in section taken on line 9 9 of Fig. 2 f

Fig. 10 is a. view in section taken on line lli-I6 of Fig. 2. Y

Fig. 11 is a view in section taken on line Il ll ofFig. 2.A v

Fig. 12 is a view in section taken on line |2 i2 of'Fig. 2.

Fig. 13 is a view'in section taken online I3 i3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. A14 is a view in section taken on line M IB of Fig. 2.

lFig. 15 is al view in section take on line |5-i5 of Fig. 2.

substantially substantially substantially substantially substantially substantially substantially substantially substantially substantially substantially Fig. 2l is a view in elevation of the right side Y of the bolt when in locked position;

Fig. 22 is a view in elevation of the-bottom of l the bolt when in locked position.

Fig. 23 is a sectional view of the bolt taken substantially on line 23--23 of Fig. 21.

Fig; 24 is a planview of the sear plunger 41.

through the trigger and is held in oppositely disf posed walls of the trigger guard. Projections 21a,

Fig. 25 discloses a means for coupling the spring guide 38 to its retainer 10; Y

Fig. ,26 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 28-28 of Fig. 3. l

Fig. 27 is a view in elevation of the right han side of the firearm with magazine 3 in place.V

Fig. 28 is a view in elevationof the left hand side of the firearm with magazine 3 in place. Y uFig. 29 is a side view in elevation of the pawl Fig. 30 Vis an end view in elevation of the pawl 6| and with the pin 62 shown dctted. z 'Fig. 31 is a side View in elevation of thetrigger 2 'Fig. 32 is an end view in elevation of the trigger Fig. 33 discloses the arrangement of trigger elements with the elements arranged to fire automatic; the trigger is in its normal position, i. e., the gun is cocked. y

Fig. 34 discloses the same arrangement of `ele-v ments as in Fig.' 33 but the trigger is pulled and the operating rod is in its most forward position.

Fig. 35 discloses the same arrangement of elements as in Fig. 33 but, the trigger is pulled and the operating` rod is in its most rearwardmost position. Y A

rlhe gun disclosed in this embodiment of my invention. is adapted to fire semi-automatic and automatic and also to be locked in safety position, but it is understood that the arrangement of elements described herein may be incorporated in a gunwhich might be adapted to fire fully automatic and/or which requires manual operation of the bolt after each shot.

The gun comprises a receiver A, a barrel B, a stock C and the trigger guard assembly D which also serves one oi the functions of the receiver.

The features of the separate gun elements and assembly of the gun elements'will be described under the following headings: Y

A. Trigger guard assembly The trigger guard assembly D has thereon the following elements: trigger guard 3B, trigger 21. pawl 6|, sear plunger 41, sear Spring |81, sear 26, magazine latch 39 and latch spring 58.-

The trigger 21 is pivotaily mounted on the trigger guard 36 by means of pin 45 which passes 21h on the trigger are adapted to partially surround the trigger guard portion 36a so as to limit the rotational movement of the trigger with respect to the trigger guard.

The pawl 6|` has two forked portions 8|a, 8|b (Figs. 29 and 30) which snugly and partially encircle the trigger 21; a pin 62 which is held in the forked-portions Sla, Glb passes through an oversize hole 21e (Fig. 31) in the trigger so as to allow rotational movement between pawl 6| and trigger 21. This rotational movement is limited by solid portion Blc of the pawl (Figs. 1, 2, and 3) coacting with the trigger pin 45 and by the central solid pawl portion 6|d (Fig. 29), coacting with the vtrigger 21. sear 26 and trigger 21 the pawl 6| tends to rotate clockwise (Fig. 1) because of the sear plunger posed within an opening in the latch (F18. 11)..

spring |81 if the plunger 41 is engaged in notch Blf for semi-automatic fire as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4. When the plunger is engaged in notch Slg the weapon will function as a. full automatic gunas will be explained in more detail later. Y

A pin 44 (Fig. 13).heldt.in oppositely disposed walls of the trigger guard 36 passes through the sear forked portions 28a, 2Gb, magazine latch 28 and a .loop inthe magazine latch spring I8 and allows rotationalV movement of the sear and msg azine latch. The magazine latch is included within the forked portions 28a, 28h of .the sear and the magazine latch spring is centrally dis- One end of the spring 58 has a bent portion'la adapted to lie within a hollow portion; 29a of the latch and the other end (58h) is`straight and adapted to abut the receiver projection 48a. In. assembling the trigger guard assembly D to the receiver A the spring |58 is prestressed so that it tends to rotatel the magazine latch 3l clockwise in Figs.- 1,'2 and 3. The receiver projection Y"a also serves 'to limit the counterclockwise rotation of the magazine latch whereas a small trisger guard projection 36m (Figs. land 13) limits the clockwise rotation of the magazine latch plunger spring |81 tends to rotate around its pivot pin 4| and, due to the coupling between the pawl and trigger, tends to rotate the trigger 21 counterclockwise (Fig. 1). Y

The trigger guard has also an aperture l8r through which the magazine 3 is adapted to pass. The elements described above are mounted on the trigger guard. The trigger guard itself forms a closure member for the hollow portion of the stock which receives'the trigger guard assembly and it is fastened to the receiver by means of the screws 200 and 20|.

1 The screws 200 andl 20| are screwable in tapped holes 48h and 481', respectively, in the receiver A.-

Bushing 85 serves to space the receiver from the trigger guard a. predetermined distance at the rear of the gun whereas the guideretainer 10 (Fig. 25) has an L-shaped cross section andhas a :dat portion 10a (Fig. 11) at the forward end v In all positions of thef has a hanged portin iBla'lFigJ- `ceiver A in the receiverY f head 35a is adapted to assess@ ot the gun between the ver a' and the trigger guard D.

a. The bei: @tra one f The bolt 3i has ve equally .se dlally extending 11188 8h, als, $83,

1 all; Si. 2l), which are adapted tocooperate with counter lugs ssi. sa, ess-sal, certamen-m1 with the -form t is operating -rod prolecti Bab cooperating-#with the cam cut Sla (Fig. inil the lt-aa the-operating rod '5a-moves in-itsatralghtline Vmove-- ment. .Thereer bolt'end @ib is toabut thebuler nod 32 at the' endof-the bolt thatthe kinetic' energy ci' the-m u.. pa may be absorbed ually.

The resilient nature -o e f f fibig'.' 2l) he extractor is utilized' to keep it on-the bolt.

'28) which is adapted to snugLv llt-'in the-lt hollow portion Slt andthe circular extractor Aprojection .ll'b (Fis. i9) is free to move inthe a ic as the-extractor head lele. dreier-f a cartridgel head. 'lhe'resilient-mture'oi' the eatractor tends to `force the-*extrn-.prcition 'lb into the bolt holeilc.

The ejector s6 (Figs-I9) is mounte'don the ref-f das; lll'ie-:'ejea'rtor project 1 raf. hole al and inner sleeve-hole`aas,' and the bent eiectorportion'bb isfI-ptedto nt im Vreceiver hole 85g. The relativelystraight elector po 35e is adapted to fit in thereceiver and to be held therein by the longer" sight base leg 86a (llig.` 14) whiol'rthe re ceiver groove 68e. In the preferred :embodiment of this invention the 'elector resilientlyabuts the bolt but itis understood that the-#ejector may lie in a, boltfgroove without touoinng'the :....t' of the bolt.

The bolt has a slot Sid (Ng. la within 'which the resilient ejector head. 35a is d '1 The ejector head 35a abuts the bottom'ot've aid resillently so that the velector headfa' follows the contour of thebottom of the slot and 'abats against a cartridge which is held by the e.

tor |51 asthe bolt is moved backwards.

1 The particularaishts used on this gunare not the subject of thisV invention and it ispbvious that any of the well-molan sights may be mounted on the gunwithout"disturbing itc-'operation A me bolt isl la use@ crimineel bon hole 3 bolt hole 81g. A coil lis free to slide in the firing lpin il is long enough so that it cooperatesv `with the operating rod l'The sleeve is formed from a tubular member and the cuts therein for the above clearances are ludiciously made so that the bolt round portion Sip Flg. 21)' has the optimum amount of sleeve bearing surface.

- The tiring pin al is centrally disposed in the If with the reduced portion Ma projecting through the smaller aligned spring 85 abuts the firing pin shoulder Sib and the solid portion of the bolt which denes the smaller hole Sig thus causing `the reduced portion Ma to be normally held within the confines of the bolt. The tiring pin bolt hole lf and the venting the firing pin from becomingv separated l'from the bolt. The ring pin 6l is assembled through bolt hole Sir. Y

C'. Gas operated cooking mechanism The ammunition gas for operating` the cocklng mechanism is allowed to ilow into the stationary piston llt through an aperture 29a in the barrel. The gas movesthegas cylinder 34 and operating rod 60 against the action of spring 28.

which is seated at one end against the guide retainer la at 'Wb and at the other end against the cylinder 34. A hollow-tubular spring guide lits into a cooperating hole 10b (Fig. 25) in the guide retainer l0 and is held therein by en-v larging the'end of tubular guide' by ilaring it or the tube may be held in hole 'lc by any other mechanical means.

The operating rod 50 serves to rotate the bolt approximately one-tenth of a turn and also to move the bolt in its longitudinal direction. A projection 50h on the operating rod serves as a hammer for the bolt firing pin Gl. The operating rod (Fig. 18) has integral therewith the tubular portion 50a within which operating spring .2Q ts, projection 50h which is adapted to have a straight-line motion for actuating the bolt and striking the bolt ring pin, a hollow porhon defined by spaced portions 50c withir` which inter alla the magazine 3 reposes, a linger 50d for manual operation of the operating rod, a scar engaging cam surface 50p, and means for holdlng gas cylinder 34. The last recited means is shown in the drawings as comprising a hollow portion` Sr through which a pin $0 passes but itis understood that cylinder 3G may be secured signi bese "se, however. is oiseled which nes-two legs 36a, Sbpone of which is 4puLv made longer so as to hold the' ciccioni-3e in receiver groove 58e (Figs, liand 19). lha aight'basc s held on the receiver leg by mefoftwo screws ee, 38j.

'nie bolt is guided and mov inits vel which is fastened to the receiver Abythree--rivets 16a, Nbflac (Fig. 3), or the sleeve may be fastened to the receiver A -bywwelding-.g or any other means. The sleeve'fls-.iormed from a tubular member which has suitable cuts therein so as to provide clearance tor i 1) the entrance of the cartridges into" the bolt ohamr, (2) the movement ofthe operating rod proiection'b,

(3) the extraction of the cartridge out of the receiver hole 58k (Fig. 19) and, (4) thcpl'tl'ulml of the ejector head 55s into the mit Slot 89d.

to the operating rod by welding, brazing or by mechanical means and the made integral with the operating rod.

cylinder 36 may be The bracket 3l and the straight pin 43 hold the piston in ilxed position on the barrel B.

At the forward end (Fig. 6)v a cylindrical portion 81a of the bracket encircles the barrel and a Joined cylindrical portion 31h encircles the piston a6; the pin 3 passes through oppositely disposed grooves in the barrel and piston-and the ends oi' the pin 63 are held in the walls of the bracket. The rearward portion of the bracket 'e (Fig. 8) .has substantially an elliptical cross-sectioned portion lcdepressed so as to snugly t around the barrel B and tubular operating rod portion 56a. A semi-cylindrical portion 31d (Fig. '7) which partially encircles the barrel joins the substantial elliptical section 31o and double cylinder ends 31a, 31h of the bracket. A hole 31e in the bracket is held in aligned relation with the barrel opening 29a and with the opening 66a in the piston by means of the pin $3 which coprojection 50h in preoperates with grooves in the barrel and piston 46. y

The cylinder 34 fits into the hollow portion 50r of the operating rod and is held therein by means of the cylindrical pin 40 which is held in the walls ofthe operating rod. The stationary piston 48 snugly ts into the hollow of the movable cylinder 34 in the cocked position (Fig. 1)

but when the gun is fired the cylinder moves out of sliding relation with the piston due to the impact on the cylinder caused by the gases of the ammunition; during the last part of the piston stroke the ammunition gases escape from the chamber formed by the piston and cylinder and pass through the openings designated as BC between the stock and the barrel but insufiicient momentum is imparted to the cylinder during the first portion of the cylinder stroke to carry the associated operating rod through the cockingoperation. The ends of piston 46 and cylinder 34 are tapered slightly so as to guide the movable cylinder in its The barrel B is means of cooperating screw threaded portions 29a. on the barrel and receiver respectively but it is understood that other fastening means may be used and the barrel B may be made integral with the receiver A.

A very small clearance is provided between the operating rod and bracket portion 31e so that it serves as one of the guides for the operating rod; also, the projection 48a on the receiver is adapted to lie within the hollow portion defined by walls 50c of the operating rod with a very small clearance and forms another guide, also, the upper trigger guard surface 36k (Figs. 12, 13 and 17) serves as a guide, and, also, the operating rod has a raised portion 50h (Figs. 13 and 18) which makes a close fit with the bottom surface of the receiver as the operating rod moves; these four guide means allow that precise longitudinal movement necessary for the coupling of the cylinder 34 and piston 46 and yet rotational movement of the operating rod is prevented so that the projection 50h on the operating rod has substantially a straight-line movement. The receiver projection 48e also is adapted to lie within the hollow portion defined by walls 50c of the operating rod but projection 48o is smaller in width than projection 48a so that lubricating material may be stored in and collected from the hole 481/ in projection 48o as the operating rod moves back and forth; a thin film of lubricating fluid is thus present on the inner surfaces of the operating rod walls 50c.

The operating rod projection 50h serves as a engagement with the piston.

4.hammer for the bolt firing pin 4i and coopcrates with cam cut 3ia (Figs. 20-22) in the bolt to rotate the bolt in and out of locked position by moving bolt lugs 3h, 3h, 3h, 3h, 3h; with respect to the fixed receiver counter lugs 481, 482, 483, 434, 485.

The operating rod has adapted to be grasped by he may manually operate nism.

the projection 50d the operator so that the cooking mecha- D. Ammunition feeding wards into the trigger guard opening 361'. In

held in the receiver A by order to remove the magazine 3, the latch 33 is rotated against the action of its spring 58 and the magazine is simultaneously pulled down and rotated aboutthe junction of the projection 3b and recessed receiver portion 48:1. Sufficient clearance is provided in the trigger guard to accommodate the rotational movement of the magazine.

The vmagazine holds approximately twenty rounds of ammunition which are normally pressed upwardsr by the action of spring 2 against the movable follower i. spring 2 abuts the fixed removable plate 3m/ which is pressed against and held by magazine' flanges Sn. The magazine 3 is positioned so that the bolt cylindrical portion 3Ip passes withzine to assure a straight-line movement of the follower and to prevent the follower from pivoting when the follower projection Ic abuts the magazine curved sections which define the mouth 3g after the last ammunition round has been stripped from the magazine. When the. last round is stripped the raised follower portion abuts against the forward end of the bolt so as to maintain it in the open position.

E. Buffer The buffer 32 serves to bring the bolt and operating rod to a stop gradually. The buffer material is of cellulose acetate or other similar resilient material and formed in the shape of a rod; one end of it is adapted to abut the bolt and the other end fits in housing 33. The housing 33 is screwable in the end of receiver A and has a plurality of reentrant portions 33a (Fig. 16) into which the head of a screw 33h is adapted to lodge so as to lock the buil'er housing on the receiver. Screw. 33h is screwable in the tapped hole n (Fig. 16) in the receiver projection 43h. The buffer 32 is held in its housing 33 by means of a knurled pin 63 which passes through lthe buffer rod and is loosely held by the walls of housing 33. The stock must be removed before the buffer housing can be removed because access must 'be had to the locking screw 33h (Fig. 16). It is understood that other locking arrangements for the buffer housing may be provided and that the stock may be arranged so that access may be had to the locking means without removing the stock or shifting the position of the stock.

F. Stock The stock C is clamped to the receiver A by the flanged trigger guard portion 3Bbfr(Fig. 17) which is drawn up against the receiver bymeans of the screws 200 and 20|. The stock has two openings therethrough extending from the top to the bottom of the stock; one of the openings is for the passage of screw -200 and the other opening is closed by the trigger guard but for the magazine opening 381' which is lined by metal of the trigger guard. The stock iits the receiver closely along The fixed end of its length but for a tapered portion 60d and a cutout portion 60e for the actuation of operating rod handle 50d. Openings BC between the stock and barrel allow unrestricted cooling of the barrel B and provide a passage for the ammunition gases which actuate the cooking mechanism.

Sear pivot pin V44 while longer than appears to be necessary, as shown in Fig. 13, engages in oppositely disposed grooves 60C in the inner walls of the stock C, which serve to guide the trigger guard in assembling the gun. .Obviously the pivot pin 44 could be nishedfiush with the housing and the grooves 50e omitted.

The stock ts the contour of the buffer housing 3 3 closely and encloses the buffer housing locking screw 33h.

- G. Safety mechanism The gun is locked in inoperative position by means of the safety 25 which is pivotable 0n the trigger pin 45. The safety 25 is held in the unlocked and locked positions by means of ball 202 (Fig. 26) in vthe-trigger guard recess 36e cooperating with the countersunk holes 25a and 25h, respectively, in the safety 25. The safety 25 is movable in the trigger guard groove 36d and the groove walls 36e and 36f limit the movement of the safety. Auxiliary trigger guard hole 36g (Fig. 26) allows assembly of the ball 202 and compression spring 59 in the trigger guard recess 36e.

' In order to disassemble the safety from the gun it is necessary to remove the trigger pin 45, de-

. press ball 202 by inserting a rigid member through the trigger guard hole 36g and simultaneously pull the safety through the trigger guard groove 36d. Provision is also made to cause the safety 25 to be more easily moved from the firing position to the safety position than vice versa by making the taper on hole 25a at 25m a little greater than the taper of hole 25h; by providing the taper at 25m the ball 202 is more easily cammed against spring 59.

`The gun may be conveniently and quickly locked by the operator by a simple movement of his trigger finger i. e., by pulling the safety projection 25c backwards. Also, the gun may be conveniently unlocked by the operator by a simple movement of his trigger finger, i. e., by pressing forward on the safety portion 25d.

In the safety position (Fig.4) the safety projection 25e is of suicient length so as to press the sear projection 26p up against the operating rod cam surface 50p a distance further than the sear projection 26p extends when it normally holds the operating rod; this is one of the requirements of a good safety for then the operator knows the rifle is in the safety position if pulling the trigger is accomplished without much resistance.

H. Operation It is normally expected that the gun will be used to re semi-automatic, although means to be hereinafter described are incorporated to permit a change to full automatic operation. The cartridge follower l is adapted to be in position to hold the bolt open when the last round of ammunition has been fired (Fig. 3).

Rounds of ammunition are stripped from the magazine 3 as the bolt 3| moves forwardly to its locked position. In going to the locked position the bolt 3| is moved longitudinally and rotated by the straight-line motion of the ammunition gas propelled operating rod projection 50h which moves in the bolt cam cut 3|a. Operating rod projection 50h also serves to strike the bolt ring pin 4 I. The sear projection 26p is adapted to coact with operating rod projection 5021 at 50p after it has moved the bolt to its locked position but before the projection 50h strikes the ring pin ft! The operating rod projection 50h, after it has rotated and moved the bolt backwards due to the ammunition gases acting on movable cylinder 34, is biased forward by the driving spring 28 until the motion of the operating rod is arrested by the sear projection 26p engaging the cam surface 50p; it would then be necessary to operate the trigger 21 before the bolt projection 50D is allowed to move forward and strike the firing pin 4I.

The sear projection 26p is held in the path 0f motion of the operating rod by means of trigger extension 21m in the cocked position (Fig. 1) and by pawl 6| when the operating rod returns from its recoiled position (Fig. 3).

In the cocked position (Fig. 1) trigger extension 21m is biasedfunder the sear portion 26T by means of spring |81 which acts through pawl 6| and connecting pin 62 on trigger 21. As the trigger is pulledthe trigger extension 21m slides along the sear portion 26T and then falls into the sear opening 26g thus allowing the operating rod driving spring 28 to cam the sear projection 26p downward out of engagement at 50p and allowing the operating rod projection 50h to strike the ring pin 4|. As the operating rod is driven backwards due to gas pressure on movable cylinder 34 the spring |81 forces the sear up until its motion is arrested by sear projection 26s cooperating with the trigger guard stop 36s and due to the linger pressure of the operator the pawl 6| will rotate about its pivot pin 62 under the sear portion 26t so that when the operating rod returns `from its recoil position it cannot depress the sear because its motion is blocked by pawl 6I; thus it is necessary to release the trigger in order that pawl 6| may be brought out of engagement with sear portion 26t. However, asthe trigger is released the trigger portion 21m engages the sear portion 26r before pawl 6| disengages sear portion 26t so that the operating rod is still held by the Sear-'26 at 50p. The'above operation of the pawl and trigger brings about the semi-automatic characteristic of the gun, i. e., the characteristic of having to release the trigger each time a round of ammunition is red.

In order to prevent excessive shock of the bolt against the receiver, the buifer 32 of cellulose acetate or similar material is placed in the path of the bolt so as to arrest the backward movement of the bolt in recoil.

The gun is locked by manipulating the safety 25.

Access is readily had to the operating parts of the gun by removing screws 200, 20| thus allowing separation of the trigger guard assembly D from the stock C and barrel and -receiver assembly. In order to disassemble the last mentioned assembly the retainer 10 is pulled downwards thus releasing the driving spring 28 and the parts held in biased position by the driving spring. The barrel B may be screwed out of the receiver A at 29a.

I Automatic operation Figs. 33-35 disclose the position of the trigger group elements in the course of firing the firearm when those elements are arranged for automatic fire.

In order to convert the gun from a semi-automatic weapon to an automatic weapon, plunger 41 is disengaged from the. pawl 6l at Blf and otally mounted on 6 brought into engagement with the pawl notched portion Bla, or vice versa if it is desired to convert the gun from an automatic weapon to a semi-automatic weapon. Whenv the plunger 41 engages the pawl 6| at SII the pawl is biased to pivot clockwise aboutits pin 6,2 due to the action of spring |81 and this is so during the entire semi-,automatic firing cycle, whereas when the plunger 41 engages pawl is biased to pivot counterclockwise about its pin 62 due to the action of spring |81 and this is so during the entire automatic firing cycle. The notch Enig is located above the pivot point 62 of the pawl 6i. When the plunger 41 is positionedto engage notch Big it isheld in such a position that if the trigger is not released upon the firing of a cartridge, the Sear 26 will not be supported by the pawl 6I as the bolt drives another cartridge into the chamber; hence the sear projection 26p will not beheld in the path of motion of the operating rod and the firearm will immediately fire again, continuing its fire so long as the trigger is depressed. vlit-is noted that in all positionsl shown in Figures 33-35 the pawl portion ABid abats the trigger portion 21m and the pawl may be considered to be a portion of the trigger.

Plunger 41 may be conveniently shifted from engagement with pawl 6i at Blf to Big by engaging the bifurcated portions 41b of plunger 41 with the nose of a bullet and shifting the plunger. Of course the rearm would have to be partially disassembled to Yaccomplish such changes, i. e., bolts 200, 20| would have'to be unscrewed and the trigger guard assembly D pulled out of the stock C.

I claim:

l. In a firearm, an operating rod. a cylinder, means-for fastening the cylinder t the operating rod, a piston telescoped within the cylinder, a barrel, a bracket surrounding the barrel and piston, a member inserted in the bracket for securing the barrel to the piston, and an extension on the bracket surrounding a portion of and forming a guide for the-operating rod. y

2. In a firearm, a sear pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a free end with an aper-V ture defined by two edges, a trigger pivotallyV mounted on the firearm and having a projection adapted to engage one of the edges, a pawl pivotally mounted on the trigger and having a projection adapted to engage the other edge, means for limiting the relative movement of the trigger and pawl, and a resilient connection between the sear and pawl.

3. In a firearm, a scar pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a free end with an aperture defined by two edges, a trigger pivotally mounted on the firearm and' having a projection adapted to engage one of the edges, a stop on the firearm, arpawl pivotally mounted on the trigger and having a projection adapted to engage the other edge, a second projection on the. pawl adapted to engage the stop, the relative movement of the trigger and pawl, and a resilient connection between the sear vand pawl.

4. In a firearm, a sear pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a free end with an aperture defined by two edges, a trigger pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a projection adapted to engage one of the edges, a pawl pivthe trigger and having a projection adapted to engage the other edge, a, stop on the firearm, a second projection on the pawl the pawl 6i at Sig the,

means for limiting adapted to engage the stop, means for limiting the relativeV movement of the trigger and peil. and resilient means engaged between the pewl and sear for exerting a force on a line intersecting the line joining the stop and point.

5. The same as Y sists of a pin upon which the trigger il pivotal!! mounted. A

6. 'The same as in claim 4 and the stop oonsists of a pin upon which the trigger ig pivotell! mounted.

'1. In a firearm, a scar pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a free end with an aperture defined by two edges, a trigger pivotelly mounted on the firearm and having a projection adapted to engage one of the edges, a pdwl plv-v otally mounted on the trigger and having l. Dr0- jection adapted to engage the other edge, altop, a second Vprojection on the pawl adapted torengage the stop, means for limiting the relative movement of the trigger and pewl, a spring. said sear having a seat for the spring. and-a plunger joining the spring and pawl.

8. The same as in lclaim 7 and the stopconsists of a pin upon which the mounted. Y

9. In a firearm, a swingably mounted 'safety member a trigger guard having a slot therein defined Vby two spaced portions, safety being adapted to move in the trigger guard slot, detent receiving depressions in the portion of the safety arranged to move in the slot, V

a chamber in one of the trigger guard portions intersecting the slot, a spring biased ballin lthe chamber and adapted to engage alternatively one or another of the depressions in thesafety portion as the safety member is moved, and a hole in the other trigger guard portion in opposition to the chamber therein for the passage of the :lull into the first mentionedtrigger guard por- 10. In a firearm, a sear, a safety having g projection adapted to engage Vthe sear, n, trigger hsving a projection adapted to engage Ythe seat, a pin held by the firearm and mounting the trigger and safety, a trigger guard having a'slot therein de` fined by two spaced portions, a projection on said safety being arranged to move in the trigger guard slot, extensions on the last mentioned projection and disposed outside and inside the oonfines oi the trigger VVguard, said extensions being arranged to be engaged by a human trigger finger, one of the spaced trigger guard portions having a spring biased ball therein engaging the last mentioned safety projection. and the other one of the spaced trigger guard portions having a hole therethrough in apposition to the chamber in the first mentioned of the spaced trigger guard portions allowing passage of the ball in assembling the mechanism. Y

11. In a firearm, a receiver a longitudinal groove inthe outer surface of the receiver, a

receiver.

the pewl pivot in claim 3 and the stop con-- trigger isplvoteli! i sportionofseieiV bolt, said ejector the forward receiver hole and ing between the pawl :and a resilient connection communicating with the intea bolt. a. slot in the bolt, an

of the groove and rior of the receiver, ejector rod adapted with one end extending through the receiver hole into the bolt slot. and means for fastening the rod to the receiver at fthe rear end of the groove.

13. In a rearm, a receiver, a groove in the outer surface of the receiver, a hole in the re'-` ceiver at the forward municating with the interior of the receiver, a bolt, a resilient ejector rod adapted to lie in the receiver groove with one end extending through the receiver hole and resiliently engaging the bolt, and means for fastening the rod to thereceiver.

14. The same as in claim 13 and a slot in the in the bolt.

15.In a rearm, a receiver, a hole in the receiver extending from the outside to the inside of the receiver. a bolt having a slot therein, an ejector rod extending rearwardly along the outto lie in the receiver groove assegna ture -deined by two edges, a trigger pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a projection adapted to engage one of the edges, a pawl pivend oi' the groove and comota'lly mounted on the trigger and having a projection adapted vto engage the other edge, means for limiting the relative movement of the trigger and pawl and a resilient connection bearing on the sear and the pawl, said pawl and connection being so constructed and arranged that the connection is selectively'engaged with the pawl on either side of a line passing between the pawl pivot pin and the point at which the resilf ient connection bears upon the sear.

. 21. In a ilrearm, a sear pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a. free end with an aper- 4 ture dened by two edges, a trigger pivotally rod end extending into the alot side of the receiver and extending through the receiver hole ing a projection, and means including the base projection i'or fastening the rear portion of the rod to the receiver. 16. In a rearm, a receiver, a longitudinal e inthe exterior of the receiver, two holes in the-receiver at opposite ends of the groove, a bolt, -a resilient ejector rod adaptedfto lie inthe receiver groove with one end extending through resiliently engaging the'bolt, said ejector rod having its other end insertable in the other receiver hole, and means for overlapping the rear portion of the rod and partially closing the receiver groove.

17. The same as in claim 16 and the last mentioned means comprises a sight base.

18. In a rearm, a sear pivotally mounted on the rearm and having a free end, e, trigger pivbeing so constructed and into the bolt slot. a sigh-t base havmounted on the iirearm and having a projection adapted to engage one of the edges, a stop on the firearm, a. pawl pivotally mounted on the trigger and-having a projection adapted to engage the.

other edge, a second projection on the pawl adapted to engage the stop, means for limiting the relative movement of the trigger and pawl and a resilient connection bearing on the sear and the pawl, said pawl and connection being so constructed and is selectively engageable with the pawl on the `desired side of a line passing between the pawl arranged that the connection is selectively engaged with the pawl on either side of a line passpivot pin and the point at which the resilient connection bears upon the sear. r

19. In a firearm, a sear pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a free end, a trigger pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a projection adapted to engage the sear free end, a fixed stop, a pawl pivotally mounted on the trigger between the trigger pivot and the trigger projection and having two projections, one of said pawl projections being adapted to engage the sear free end and the other projection being adapted to engage the stop, means for limiting the relative movement of the trigger and pawl bearing on the sear and the pawl, said pawl and connection being so constructed and arranged that the connection is selectively engaged with the pawl on either side of a line passing between the pawl pivot pin andthe point at which the resilient connecpivot vpoint and the connection bears upon the sear.

22. In a firearm, a sear pivotally mounted on the rearm and having a free end with an aperture dened by two edges, al trigger pivotally mounted on the rearm and having a projection adapted to engage one of the otally mounted on the trigger and having a projecticn adapted toengage the other edge, a stop on the firearm; a second projection on the pawl adapted to engage the stop, means for limiting the relative movement of the trigger and pawl and a resilient connection upon .the sear and at the other end upon the pawl, said pawl and connection being so `vconstructed and arranged that the connection may be shifted to engage the said other end of the connection with the pawl alternatively on either side of a line passing between the pawl pivot point and the point at which the resilient. connection bears upon the seal'.

23. The same as in claim 19 and the stop consists of a pin upon which the trigger is pivoted.

24. The same as in claim 21 and the stop consists of a pin upon which vthe trigger is pivotally mounted.

25. The same as sists of a pin upon mounted.

26. In a iirearm, a sear pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a free end with an aperture defined by two edges, a trigger pivotally mounted on the firearm and having a projection in claim 22 and the stop conwhich the trigger is pivotally gage the stop, movement of the trigger and seat for the spring.

27. In a firearm, a barrel, a stationary hollow pointat which the resilient arranged that the connection edges, a pawl pivf bearing at one end i cylindrical gas pressure receiving element, a 32. In a firearm, the structure described in bracket surrounding the barrel and the element, v claim 30, and a rear sight on the receiver having a pin inserted through the bracket and engaging a portion adapted to overlie the receiver groove both the'barrel and the element to maintain the and secure the ejector member therein. parts in assembled relation, means placing the 33. In a firearm, a Sear, a trigger pivotally interior of the element in communication with mounted on the firearm having a portion remote the interior of the barrel, an operating rod, a from the pivotal mounting adapted to engage member on the operating rod having telescopthe sear, a pawl pivotally mounted on the trigger ing engagement-with the element, and a rearbetween the trigger pivotal mounting and the wardly extending arm on the bracket having a l sea'r engaging portion of the trigger, a projecportion at least partially encircling the operatvtion on the pawl adapted to engage the sear, and ing rod and serving as a guide therefor. a resilient connection engaged between the sear 28. In a, firearm, a trigger, a trigger pin formand the pawl, said pawl and the connection being ing a pivotal mounting for the trigger, a. sear enso constructed and arranged that the connecgaging portion of the trigger remote from the i tion may be engaged with the pawl alternatively pivotal mounting, a sear engaging pawl pivotally on either side of a line passing between the -pawl mounted on the trigger between the pivotal trigpivot point and the point at which the resilient ger mounting and the sear engaging portion of connection bears on the sear.

the trigger, a member on the pawl engaging the 34. In a firearm, a trigger, a trigger in formrirearm in the region of the pivotal trigger ing e, pivotal mounting for the trig r, a tiring mounting, and spring means engaging the pawl member engaging portion on the tij/Eger remote between the member and the point at which the from the pin, a nring member engaging pawl pawl is pivotally mounted on the trigger. pivotaily mounted on the trigger between the 29. In a firearm, the structure described in pin and the firing member engaging portion of claim V28,"the member on the pawl being engaged the trigger, a member on the pawl engaging the with the trigger pin. nrearm in the region of the pivotal trigger 30. In a rearm, a receiver, a longitudinal mounting, and a resilient connection bearing at groove in the outer surface of the receiver, a hole one end on a portion of the firearm and at the communicating between the forward end of the other end upon the pawl, said pawl and connecgroove and the interior of the receiver, and an tion being so constructed and arranged that the elongated rod-like ejector member rigidly seconnection may be engaged with the pawl altercured at the rear end of the groove and extendnatively on either side of a line passing between ing forwardly in the groove to pass through the the pawl pivot point and the point at which the hole into the receiver, the forward end of the first mentioned end bears on the flrearm.` ejector member being relatively free and adapted 35. In Va. firearm the structure described in to engage the head of a cartridge to be` ejected. claim 34, the member on the pawl being engaged 31. In a rearrnY the structure described in with the trigger pin.

claim 30, a bolt in the receiver, and a groove in the bolt adapted to receive the relatively free end of the ejector member.

JOHN C. GARAND.

cEnrrrroA'rE or coRREcfricm.

Patent No. 2,586,205. october 9, 19lr5.

JOHN c. elimina.

It is hereby certified that error appearsl in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correctionas follows: Page il, first column, line 16, for the word "insufficient" read --sui`f icient; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the' record of' the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed thisy 18th day of December, A. D. 1914.5. I

Leslie Frazer (Seal) v First Assistant' Commissioner of Patents. 

